Joseph nightingale



(No' Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1. JOSEPH NIGHTINGALE & JOHN NIGHTINGALE.

LET-OFF MECHANISM FOR LOOMS.

No; 348,335. Patented Aug. 31, 1886.

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(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

JOSEPH NIGHTINGALE & JOHN NIGHTINGALE.

LET-OFF MECHANISM FOR LOOMS.

No 348,335. A Patented Aug. 31, 1886.

UNITED STATES PATENT ()FFICE.

JOSEPH NIGHTINGALE AND JOHN NIGHTINGALE, OF PATERSON, J.

LET-OFF MECHANISM FOR LOOMS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No.348,335, dated August 31, 886.

Application filed December 30, 1885. Serial No. 197,118. (No model.)

To aZZ whom it may concern.-

Be it known that we, Josnrrr NrGH'rIN- GALE and J OHN NIGHTINGALE, citizens of the United States, residing at Paterson, Passaic county, State of New Jersey, have invented a new and useful Ii'nprovemcnt in Let-Off Mechanism for Looms, of which the following is a specification, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part thereof.

Heretofore a drag composed of a rope secured at one end and having a weight at tached to the other end, with one or more turns of the rope around the warpbeam, has

been employed to control the warp-beam to cause the same to deliver the warp-threads in the loom in accordance with the tension placed on the same, determined by the number of turns of the drag-rope around the warp-beam. This means for maintaining the desired tension on the warp threads is found to be unreliable, for the reason that changes of temperature, acting on the drag-rope, produce changes in the tension of the warp-threads. If the temperature be low and moist, the moisture is absorbed by the drag-rope, which contracts the rope and increases the tension on the warp-threads by cramping the warp-beams action, causing the same to deliver the warpthreads in the loom by jerks, producing thereby a ribby and uneven fabric, which reduces its market value and causes a loss to the manufacturer, besides which it causes unusual strain and excessive wear on the harness from the warpthreads in formation of the shed, making frequent renewals of the harness necessary.

The object of our invention is to provide a reliable and automatic means for controlling the warp-beam in looms, wherein the beam will deliver the warp-threads in the loom automatically and at a uniform tension at each formation of the shed.

The invention consists in a let-off mechanism for looms, composed of devices which will be fully explained and claimed.

Figure l of the drawings shows a portion of one side of an ordinary loom in elevation, having our invention attached thereto. Fig. 2 is a front elevation of the same with our invention attached, in which figure the top of the loom is removed; and Fig. 3 is a plan of the same having our invention attached, in

which figure a portion of the loom-frame, canishaft, rock-lever, warp beam, and tcnsionroller is removed.

A represents a portion of an ordinary loom, having the usual frame, A, cam-shaft d, pulleys a, gear-wheels b c, and cloth-beam B. The loom A, which is constructed the same as is usual, does not need to be further described herein. To the sides of the loonrframe and to the rear standards thereof we arrange and secure by bolts slotted brackets q, having slots 1. In the slots 1, that are vertically arranged, we arrange a tension-roller, D. The roller D is movable in the slots 1, and is journaled in the upper ends of bars 1). The lower ends of bars 1) are pivoted to projections formed on a rock-frame, 0 by pivot-bolts 2. The rockframe 0, which we arrange transversely in the loom and journal in the sides of the loomframe, is provided centrally with a weightarm, 0, on which arm is arranged a weight, 0, as shown.

On the rock frame 0 we arrange suitably and secure by a bolt, 6, a guard, o". The guard o" is provided with a tapering lower end, 0, to act forcibly on the inner end of a pawl, 1', that we pivot to a pawl-bar, e, by a pivotbolt, i. The pawl-bar e, which we arrange between rollers g, has a bifurcated end, f, in which we journal a roller, f, to be engaged by a cam, e, placed on the shaft d. The rollers g'wejournal in open brackets 9, that are bolted to the frame A. To the pawl-bar e we arrange and secure one end ,of a spring,

1), to draw forward the pawl-bar after thesame has been forced rearward by the cam e, and the opposite end of the spring we secure to the loom-frame. The warp-beam O isjournaled in brackets '5, bolted to the frame of the loom.

On the warpbeam O we arrange and secure a worm-wheel, a, to accommodate a worm, m, which we arrange on a shaft, Z. The shaft Z we also provide with a ratchet-wheel, k, to be engaged by the pawl i, by which means the shaft Zis actuated. The pawl z is provided with a spring, 2'", while the shaft lis journaled in and supported by a step, Z, that is secured to the frame A, as shown.

To the sides of the loom-frame we arrange and secure by bolts brackets 3, in which brackets we journal a guideroller, E, while the cloth-beam B is journaled in brackets 4, that are bolted to the loom-frame. The warpthreads E are taken from the warp-beam 0 over the roller D, under the roller E, through the loom to the cloth-beam, as shown.

The loom is supposed to be in motion, and the operation is as follows: The cam e engages the roller f, and forces rearward the pawlbar, which is drawn forward again by the springp, put in tension by the rearward movement of the bar 6, under the influence of the cams act-ion thereon, which actions of the cam and springimpart an intermittent movement to the pawl-bar e, and by means of said bar a like movement to the pawl i, which causes the pawl to take up a certain number of teeth on the ratchet-wheel It at each rearward movement of the pawl-arm e, which turns the shaft Z and worm m, and by means of the worm m turns the warp-beam 0, cansing the warp beam to unwind the warpthreads E from off the same, to be taken through the loom and woven into fabric and wound on the clothframe B in the usual way. As the weaving is continued, the warp-beam O delivers the warp-threads in the loom under a uniform degree of tension, regulated by means of the weight 0, which is adjustable on the arm 0. As the weight is moved out toward the end of the arm, the tension on the Warpthreads will be increased, and the opposite will be the case when the weight is moved inward on the lever. Should the tension be decreased on the warpthreads by a derangement of the devices in the front of the loom, the weight 0 will carry the arm 0 downward, and cause the guard 0 to engage the pawl i, and taper 0", as the guard is carried down by the weight, will force inward the end 8 of the pawl until the ratchet wheel 70 escapes the pawls action thereon, which stops the delivery of the warpthreads in the loom by the warp-beam, while in the same action the outer end of the frame 0 will beelevated, and by means of bars 1) will raise the tension-roller D in the slots 1, to take up the slack on the warpthreads, thus automatically stopping the delivery of the warp-threads in the loom when the take-up thereof is deranged. WVhen the normal tension on the warp threads is restored, the weight 0 is raised to its elevated position by the tension placed on the warp-threads, which action raises the guard 0 when the spring 1 causes the pawl t to re-engage the ratchetwheel 70 and take up thereon its usual number of teeth at each rearward movement of the pawl-bar e, and causes the warp-beam to deliver the warp-threads E in the loom at their normal tension, while the tension-roller D is lowered in the slots 1 to its former position.

By our invention a uniform tension is automatically maintained on the warp-threads-E at each formation of the shed, which prevents unequal strain on the harness with excessive wear and early fracture from the chafing of the warp-threads thereon, which makes renewals of the harness less frequent.

Another great advantage derived from the use of our invention is, that by the uniformity of the tension which it maintains on the warpthreads the weft-threads are thrown in evenly throughout the fabric by the shuttle, which gives a smooth, even face to the cloth.

Having described our invention, we claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent 1. The combination, with the pawl-bar c, rollers g, and pawl i, carried by said bar and reciproeated therewith, of the ratch et-wheel k, spring shaft Z, the worm m, wormwheel a, spring h, warp-beam O, cam e, brackets g, step Z, and loom-frame, as described and shown.

2. The combination, with pawl-bar e, cam c, and pawl Z, carried by said bar 0, of the ratchet-wheel 7c, spring 2, spring h, rollers g,

brackets g, the shaft Z, step Z, worm m, the

wheel a, the warp-beam O, the guard 0 rocking frame 0", lever 0, weight 0, the roller D, bars 1), for carrying roller 1), the brackets q, having slots 1, roller E, roller B, brackets 3, brackets 4, brackets 5, and loom-frame, sub-. stantially as described.

JOSEPH NIGHTIN GALE. JOHN NIGHTINGALE.

Witnesses:

GEORGE WV. ALLEE, ALBERT O. NIQHTINGALE. 

